1. Do you think justice and mercy can co-exist?
Definition of both: Justice and mercy seem like they are at polar opposites. Justice is making sure that everyone is acknowledged for his right-doings and punished for his wrong doing. Justice demands that these rewards and punishments reflect the measure of devotion or lack of devotion to obedience for the law. So it seems like justice punish the sinners and reward saints. However, many people think that mercy is ignoring guilt. Actually i disagree, it is a act of compassion or forgiveness shown toward someone whom it is within one's power to punish or harm, shown towards sinners. It is also an event to be grateful for, esp. because its occurrence prevents something unpleasant or provides relief from suffering.
It is indeed hard to let both co-exist as they are opposites. One would definately be more predominant that the other. Many times, people are caught between these choices and have no idea what to do. An example in adult life might be catching a friend's spouse cheat yet you cannot choose whether to tell them or risk ruining your friendship. These choices come with equally heavy consequences. One should note that there is a great danger in showing mercy because if used too often or in the wrong circumstances, it can actually undermine itself. Many philosophers and legal theorists have noted that the more one pardons crimes, the more one also emboldens criminals, because you are essentially telling them that their chances of getting away without paying the proper price have increased. It would be unfair and many would question you and the system.
2. How is justice and mercy shown in this case?
In this case, it is hard to differentiate between both. Justice would be when Shylock "gets" what he deserves and is charged with the attempted murder of a Christian. Then when he was spared the death sentence but forced to convert into a Christian, how is it justice then? To a Jew, it is an utter insult for him to do so. The story shows much prejudice against Jews as Venice is a Christian city. Thus is is not possible to differentiate between justice and mercy.
Do you agree with the final verdict?
I don't agree fully with the final verdict. i believe that some prejudice was at play as Venice was a Christian city and although the duke was suppose to be Justice, i think that many factors may have altered his opinion. Also, Shylock was accused of taking the life of a Christian. It is wrong to say that Christians are superior to others, therefore Shylock should be killed. Are Jews and people from the other religions not human? The final verdict did not make sense. How does attempting to kill someone causes him to give half his fortune to the government and half to the victim? i understand the victim part but no the government. Lastly, why is Shylock forced to convert? It does not make much sense as they know that it is utter insult and made Shylock live in sadness. I dont think the final verdict is entirely wrong as he did try to take the life of Antonio as revenge because of Antonio's insults. But it is no excuse for Shylock to act this way. In the end, there is a part of me that agrees, but there is also a part of me that disagrees.
4. Justice and Law can be manipulated by people in power. Comment on this with reference to the text and other real-life cases and examples.
I think that this is quite true as money and power can influence alot of people. Rich people have powerful friends, which can get them away and out of trouble. Many of these rich people are able to hire the best attorney, at at times able to win the case just because of their wealth and their attorney which could enable them to crush their opponents who are unable to hire best attorney. It is hard to say that they can actually manipulate people by their power, but they might give them a definite advantage to their case. Antonio had Portia to help in the case, and it helped greatly. Though her being a women, she has high intellectual ability and is able to manipulate not only Shylock, but also the whole jury.