The Nissan S30  was the first generation of Z sporty 2 seater and 2+2( Cars with 2 doors and 4 seats) coupes produced by Nissan Motors, Ltd. of Japan from 1969 to 1978. It was designed by a team led by Mr. Yoshihiko Matsuo, the head of Nissan's Sports Car Styling Studio.  

The Fairlady Z was introduced in late 1969 as a 1970 model, with the  2.0 litre straight-6 SOHC engine, rear wheel drive, and a stylish coupe body. The engine, produced 150 hp  and came with a 5-speed manual transmission. A less common 3-speed automatic transmission was optional from 1971 on, and had a "Nissan Full Automatic" badge. A 4-wheel independent suspension consisted of MacPherson struts in front and Chapman struts in back. Front disc brakes and rear drums were standard.

The 1970 240Z was introduced to the American market by Yutaka Katayama, president of Nissan Motors USA operations, widely known as Mr. K. The early 1970 model 240Z had a chrome "240Z" badge on the B-pillar quarter panel. Two vents were included in the rear hatch below the glass molding. In mid-1971 the B-pillar side badges were restyled with the letter Z vent, and the vents were eliminated from the hatch. Design changes for the U.S. model occurred throughout production and are described Design and Manufacturing Changes to the U.S. Spec.

The 240Z and 260Z used twin, variable venturi Hitachi one-barrel side-draft SU-like carburetors. The carburetors were changed beginning with model year 1973 to comply with emissions regulations, but the earlier carburetors were far superior for performance. Fuel injection (L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection, designed by Bosch) was added for the 280Z in 1975 for the US. This was primarily in order to cope with the difficulty faced in getting enough power using carburetors while still meeting US emissions regulations.

Due to its relatively low price compared to other foreign sports cars of the time (Jaguar, BMW, Porsche, etc.), it became popular in the United States and was a major success for the Nissan Motor Corporation, which at the time sold cars in North America under the name Datsun. The 240Z also broadened the image of Japanese car-makers beyond their econobox success. The Z was very successful in racing in the 1970s: Connecticut's Bob Sharp as well as Bob Bondurant racing team with John Morton driving a Datsun 510 number 46 were particularly successful. Clearwater Florida (and later Maryland) racer Don Kearney had much success with the Z car between 1970 and 1978. The Z is also credited as a catalyst for the import performance parts industry. To keep Z-Car interest alive, Nissan had a 1998 program where they purchased original 240Zs, professionally restored them, and sold them at dealerships for $24,000.

 

The Ferrari F40 is a mid-engine, rear-wheel drive, two-door coupé sports car produced by Ferrari from 1987 to 1992 as the successor to the Ferrari 288 GTO. From 1987 to 1989 it held the title as the world's fastest street-legal production car, and during its years of production, was Ferrari's fastest, most powerful, and most expensive car. The car was one of the few to utilize turbochargers.

The car debuted with a factory suggested retail price of approximately US$400,000, although some buyers were reported as paying as much as US$1.6 million. A total of 1,315 F40s were produced.

 the F40 was conceived as the successor to the 288 GTO and designed to compete with vehicles such as the Porsche 959 and Lamborghini Countach for Ferrari management, the vehicle was a major statement piece. Over a period of several years prior to the F40's conception, the company's dominance in racing had waned significantly, and even in Formula One, an arena they had once dominated, victories had become sparse. Enzo Ferrari had recently turned 90 years old, and was keenly aware that time was not on his side. He wanted his new sports car to serve as his final statement-maker, a vehicle encompassing the best in track-developed technology and capable of being a showcase for what the Ferrari engineers were capable of creating. The company's upcoming 40th anniversary provided just the right occasion for the car to debut. 
As he had predicted it would be, the F40 was the last car to be commissioned by Enzo before his death.

The F40 was designed with aerodynamics in mind, and is very much a creation of its time. For speed the car relied more on its shape than its power. Frontal area was reduced, and airflow greatly smoothed, but stability rather than terminal velocity was a primary concern. So too was cooling as the forced induction engine generated a great deal of heat. In consequence, the car was somewhat like an open-wheel racing car with a body. It had a partial undertray to smooth airflow beneath the radiator, front section, and the cabin, and a second one with diffusers behind the motor, but the engine bay was not sealed. Nonetheless, the F40 had an impressively low Cd of 0.34 with lift controlled by its spoilers and wing.

Today i will recommend you a great books. Dracula.

The stories starts out slow, Jonathan Harker journeying by train and horse carriage from England to Count Dracula's castle . He was going there to provide legal support to Dracula for a real estate transaction overseen by Peter Hawkins, of Exeter in England.

Dracula turns out to be very friendly at first, entertaining Mr. Harker, but soon discovers that he has become a prisoner in the castle. He also begins to finds about Dracula's nocturnal life. One night trying to escape from the castle, despite Dracula's order not to, Harker was captured by the brides of Dracula and put under a spell. He was saved at the last second by the Dracula, because he wants to keep Harker alive just long enough to obtain needed legal advice and teachings about England and London. Harker barely escapes from the castle with his life.

Not long after, a russian ship was found abandoned with the captain tied to the helm. On finding the ships log, they discover the mysterious events on the ship.

Now, Dracula is tracking Mina, Harker's wife, and Lucy, Mina's friend. Dracula then turns into a wolf and bit Lucy. Lucy was presumed dead but a few days later, the news papers report a beautiful women stalking some children. Van helsing, Lucy's doctor, has formed a part to hunt down vampires. On finding lucy, they staked her heart, beheaded her and filled her mouth with garlic, the way to kill vampires. Harker and his wife also joins the party to go against Dracula.

On learning about the plot to kill him, Dracula visits Mina and bites her 3 times and feed on her blood, turning her into a vampire in disguise.

When the party finally found Dracula, they staked his heart and he fell into ashes. Mina is freed and the story ends by Mina and Harker having a child.

 

My favourite character would probably be Dracula, he is very shrewd and his character is different from the rest as he is the villain. The stories about him running away from the gang and finding Mina really gives me the creeps.

This is the most notable work by Bram stoker, I think that he can convey his message extremely well as I have read many horror stories in my time and they do not make you have goose bumps and are probably boring.  Reading normal horror stories would probably make me fall asleep. Although Dracula is scary, I can’t stop reading it.

The Dangerous Book for Boys 1& 2 by Gonn Iggulden, one of the best books i ever read. This is basically a guide book about things to know aimed at boys "from eight to eighty." It has around eighty topics, telling you how to build a treehouse, tell direction with a watch and even growing your own crystals and. It also teaches us many famous quotes, stories, battles, and phrases that "every boy should know." As it is published in UK, most of the history described in the story is about the Kings and queens, and wars over there. Some people have criticized it for encouraging its young readers to injure themselves, like doing dangerous stunts, although there is a liability warning below the copyright information, but many have praised it for helping to counter the "PlayStation Culture", the kids that stay at home all day playing video games instead of going out.

This is a guide book and there are no characters in it. This are both author’s debut book series. Both books are written fabulously, all parts are great except for the history part, I guess that world history would be better than just England’s history about kings and queens

Have you seen cars like the one above, that looks horrible even after they have been modified to look nicer? well i suppose that everyone has different view points but they are normally called Ricers to those who dont like them.

Ricer are a type of car, tipically Asian, that has been made to look fast rather than go fast. They would have body kits, big fat exhaust, a spoiler and have an exotic colour. No real modifications have been done on the engine. The only performance mod that is done would be lightening the car, like changing the seats for racing carbon fibre ones, adding a safety harness and an fire extinguisher. The people who own this cars are probably bragging about how fast their car are and how loud they are, but the truth is that it would probably be as good as a car that has no modifications on it. Although it lightened us by removing heavy seats, the added mass of the modifications would make it remain at the same weight. So this sums up what is a racer

Today i have two books to recomend, Spud and Around The World In 80 Days.

In the book, it describes the journal of a boy(John Milton, nicked named 'Spud') living in a private school in South Africa during the 1990s. In school, he met friends and create a gang called the crazy 8, which is the most notorious gang around in their private school. Spud in general dislikes his life, due to the major embarrassment he gets from having slightly deranged parents and a senile grandmother. He is very pessimistic about many aspects of his life, he has a low self-esteem when confronting personal matters, such as his shaky relationship with his girlfriend, Mermaid. Sparerib(his teacher) watches him with much concern and offers him much support. Being surrounded by madness often makes him question his own sanity. Spud aspires to be an actor in the future and has taken part in two major school plays, as well as a humiliating house play. He is certainly popular with girls (as he is the object of affection of several girls, which he considers to be quite odd, as he is not very big or strong. Got into the school through a scholarship. Best known in the school for his lead part in Oliver!. In school he meets a guy named Henry "Gecko" Barker. He is often sick but he is John's smart best friend. He is often sick or injured and sent to the sanitorium. He is described as a thin and extremely pale boy (Spud once described his state as "there have to be healthier looking corpses"). He dies near the end of the first book of malaria, which had a great impact on John. Before his death, he requested for John to sing at his funeral, which he did. He also picked up rugby and cricket as his CCAs. At the end of the year, he goes home and waits to see if he will get another years's scholarship. The book has a sequel and prequel, namely Spud- The madness continues and Spud- Learning to fly. i have yet to read both books.

In Around the world in 80 days, the story starts out in London, where a gentlemen names Phileas Foggs, a member of a Reform club, bets that he could travel around the world in 80 days. Members of the reform club placed a $20000 bet on him and later that evening, together with his new servant Passepartout, embarked on the journey. Their first stop would be to Suez. Recently there was a bank robbery and the robber was described to look like Mr. Fogg, so London police dispatched a detective, Mr Fix to follow Mr. Fogg. Mr. Fix tried many times to catch Mr. Fogg like telling the English ambassador but to no avail as he had no arrest warrant. In India, Mr. Fogg saw a ceremony of sacrificing a lady and decided to save her. They went on to hatch a plan, Passepartout would act as if he was re birthed from the dead and scare the priests. Then they would run away from the Priest with the lady. As India was under British control, Mr Fix ordered Policemen to stop them, find the priest and bring them to a court. There, Mr. Foggs was accused with kidnapping and Passepartout was accused of not respecting Indian religion. Mr Foggs offered bail and paid $2000 pounds in total. Mr Fix was dumbfounded.

At the end of the story, Mr Foggs has given up all hope as he thought he was late for a day. Then the Indian lady, who was greatly grateful, proposed to Mr. Foggs and he agreed, calling Passepartout to find a priest to arrange the marrage. Then Passepartout ran back and said that it was impossible as the next day was Sunday and today was Saturday, the day he was suppose to arrive in London! He hailed a cab and offered $100 if the driver reached the reform club in time. After running over 2 dogs and scrapping 5 carriages, he reached on time and got his $20000 pound wager!

As i read this story, my heart was pumping with excitement and i managed to finish this book within 3 days. This is one of the most engaging book i have ever read.

My favourite character would be Passepartout as he is a very energetic character. He made a series of mistakes on the journey around the world. But at last he proves himself very useful by saving the Indian lady and protecting his master, and at last notifying his master that the bet is still on.

Jules verne is a very good writer, the story he writes are very exciting and he gets to the point very quickly, unlike many longwinded books. Most of his books are about adventure and I think that all his adventure books are great

My favourite character would definitely be Spud(John) as when he entered his schools, he was very weak and scared, afraid of many things. He then learns to stand up for himself and become a real men. He makes a lot of helpful friends such as the seniors and the teachers, which help him through the hectic and crazy first year.

John van de Ruit is an amazing author, he can write the book in extreme detail. They way he writes is extremely humourous and I cannot stop myself from smiling when I read the book. The things in the book are like those we do now, practical jokes and all that kind of stuff. At the end it really touches your heart and you would just feel like reading more. Then author left the end to your imagination but eventually he wrote the second book.

Since it is the holidays, i embarked myself on a project, to make cars look nicer... i used photoshop to achieve some of the cars that i remodeled. This one is a VW santana that is sold in China. at first i thought that it was boxy and took high off the ground, so i changed the roof to a convertible one and lowered the car. this is a photo of it.

some basic information about the santana:

The Santana (B2) has been built by the Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive joint venture since 1985.

Initially launched with a 1.6 litre petrol engine, it was updated with a 1.8 litre petrol in 1987. Both these were equipped with a 4-speed manual, in 1989 the Santana wagon was launched on the market.

The Santana has had a number of updated features added since the original 1985 model. Some updated features the Santana has been include with are Bosch electronic fuel injection system, a 5-speed manual, a third brake light, improved back seats, hydraulic clutch, MP3 and CD compatible radios, ABS brakes with electronic brake distribution.

I was 13, 

it started out with a dream,

to be the top in the class,

instead of just pass.

But when i tried my best,

i still flunked my test,

not knowing what to do from here,

sometimes it makes me want to tear.

Suddenly i thought,

have i really fought?

From that moment on, 

i started to go beyond.

spending days and nights,

working toward my goal,

in the end i was not top of the class,

but i was beyond just pass!

----Home Learning----

The author is describing her school life, she belonged to an Latin school and the school motto is Hope for the future, the future is hope.

When they were singing the national anthem, black crows would interrupt them. 

The author finds it hard to keeps his shoes white especially on Wednesday.

He thought that the scouts wearing shorts were quite special.

There were Malay chauffeurs waiting outside the school for the author's schoolmates, while waiting they sat on the car park kerb cracking jokes to one another.

The author thinks that being released at 7 25 was unreasonable

On Chinese new year, ironically their Chinese teacher wore a Sarong Kebaya and sang Bengawan Solo.

The author says that Singapore's capital was Singapore itself.

Once the author's classmate shaded all A's for his Chinese MCQ and the author thinks its 'heroic'

On the yearbook, the author was Pushing a wheelchair and smiling, when the photo was taken, the author was closing his eyes, right at that moment.

Pininfarina is an Italian car design firm and coachbuilder in Cambiano, Italy.

Founded as Società anonima Carrozzeria Pinin Farina in 1930 by automobile designer and builder Battista "Pinin" Farina, Pininfarina has been employed by a wide variety of high-end automobile manufacturers, including Ferrari, Maserati, Rolls-Royce, Cadillac, Jaguar, Volvo, Alfa Romeo, and Lancia. It also has designed trams in France, high-speed trains in Holland, and trolleys in the USA. Since the 1980s Pininfarina has consulted on industrial and interior design.

Pininfarina was run by Battista's grandson Andrea Pininfarina until his death in 2008. Andrea's younger brother Paolo Pininfarina was appointed as successor.

The Pininfarina Group employs more than 3,000 people in subsidiary company offices throughout Europe, as well as in Morocco and China. Pininfarina is registered and publicly traded on the Borsa Italiana.

In addition to production vehicles, Pininfarina creates prototype, show, and custom cars for auto manufacturers, as well as private clients. Most prototypes—such as the Ferrari Mythos—have served solely as concept cars, although several have become production models, including the Ferrari 612 Scaglietti and Ferrari F50.

A recent privately-commissioned custom example was the Ferrari P4/5 of 2006, a one-car rebody of the Enzo Ferrari according to the client's specifications. Its design began in September 2005 with sketches by Jason Castriota moving through computer aided sculpture and stringent wind tunnel testing. More than 200 components were designed especially for the car though the engine, drivetrain and many other components are simply modified from the original Enzo Ferrari. The Vehicle Identification Number is unchanged from the Enzo it was derived from. The P4/5 was publicly revealed on August 18, 2006 at the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance and shown again at the Paris Motor Show in late September. Another recent prototype is the Pininfarina Nido, a two seater sub-compact that could possibly make airbags obsolete.

The Pininfarina B0 solar-electric concept, designed with Bolloré was shown at the 2008 Paris Motor Show featuring a range between charges of more than 150 miles (241 km) with an electronically limited 88-mile-per-hour (142 km/h) top speed, and an estimated acceleration to 37 miles per hour (60 km/h) in 6.3 seconds. The car has solar panels on the roof and on the nose, while its battery pack is said to last up to 125,000 miles (201,168 km). 

The company plans to reveal a new Alfa Romeo Spider Concept at the Geneva Motor Show on 2 March 2010.

BMW has unveiled its Gran Coupe concept car at Beijing Auto Show 2010. The car is specially designed for the Chinese market with elegant style and dynamic proportions.

The Gran Coupe is based on the powerful tradition of BMW segment and has a four-door system along with the inputs from a sports car. It highlights the classic features of all BMW coupes such as the long wheelbase, the vaulted bonnet with forward-pointing lines, the set-back greenhouse, the flat silhouette, the coupe-style roof line and the short front overhang. Every part is nicely assembled that showcases the brand value of the company.

The BMW Concept Gran Coupé has the elements of Gran Turismo and offers a distinct sporty look which offer more space for the travelers. The design promises an aesthetic appeal due to its dynamic performance and precision.

The body of the Concept Gran Coupé is flat measuring almost 5 metres and has a nice aerodynamics. Its front is defined by the BMW kidney grille characteristic of the company. The car has perfection in LED lights. The air inlet runs into the side section enabling more space to the front. With its coupe-like proportions, the car will also offer agile driving experience to the driver.

The rear front has been modified to some extent. The lights and tailpipe trim come to the first notice and the entire rear section appears slimmer and lighter at the centre. The third brake light is positioned in the rear window and is fitted with LED technology that shows the dynamism and performance to the model. The wheel arches highlight the sporty look of the BMW Concept Gran Coupé too.

Honda's CR-Z hybrid coupe remains on track as a 2011 model, on sale in late 2010. Honda wants sports-car enthusiasts to buy it not because it's green, but because it's fun. The car maker considered doing a non-hybrid version of the CR-Z, but it desperately wants to be seen as a hybrid supplier on par with Toyota and believes it needs a range of dedicated hybrid-only models to achieve that.

So the CR-Z gets a lively 140-horse, 1.8-liter Civic-derived engine. The system -- motor, battery, electronics -- will be like the Insight's, as will the platform, to save cost. A senior engineer says, "It must be fun to drive, must remind you of the original CRX." And a manual gearbox will be offered. "CVT is fine for the market, mostly. But we are Honda! We must have a manual!"

As a two-seater, the CR-Z's smaller body mass versus the Insight should make up for the weight of the bigger engine, brakes, and tires. So a 2800-pound total, with lots of electric-assist torque and a revvy gasoline engine, should make it the real deal as a pocket performance coupe.

Honda has trimmed back its sports cars. President Takeo Fukui said the company has canceled the Acura NSX replacement, though engineers say it may simply be deferred. And the rear-drive Acura range has been canceled. Honda is out of Formula 1. So the CR-Z must be to Honda in the 2010s what the CRX was to Honda in the 1980s.

The other leg of Honda's small-car hybrid tripod, the Fit  hybrid, also is going ahead for a '10 release. To give the Insight a lower overall height than the Fit, for reduced aero drag at highway speeds, the fuel tank was moved from under the front seats in the Fit to under the rear seats in the Insight. Speeds in the EPA test aren't high enough to make aerodynamics a factor, so the Fit hybrid may match the Insight's fuel economy label, and offer more space and versatility, for less money. It will interesting to see how the marketing guys handle that one.

Recently i came across this post on a car fanatic blog, it shows the number of cars the Sultan of Brunei has. Because the list is too long, i could not but it in the blog. Here is the link to it: www.germancarforum.com/pit-general-discussion/5703-list-sultan-bruneis-complete-car-collection.html
this is just a sumup. 52 pages of expensicve cars, with about 60 cars in each page! thats alot of car considering than the average Singaporean only has 1 car! Furthermore, what is unbelievable is that he buys many cars of the same make so that he car drive them on alternate days! Guess how many car keys he have and how long it takes him to get out of the house! One thing i would like to know is where he keeps all this cars, he could not possibably park them in his house and he would have to have great security.

When parent company BMW first announced in the late 1990s that it would be delivering a completely new Rolls-Royce to paying customers on January 1, 2003, most journalist wrote it off as the kind of posturing that typically accompanies a corporate takeover. After all, BMW didn't even own the Rolls-Royce brand yet. It would be four-and-a-half years before the German automaker acquired the rights to sell the storied brand, but the target was indeed met, and the first all-new Rolls-Royce in nearly 40 years left the all-new Rolls-Royce plant at Goodwood in West Sussex, England.

Unlike so many of its predecessors, this beautifully crafted and elegant ultraluxury sedan lives up to the lofty expectations of a vehicle adorned with the hood-mounted Spirit of Ecstasy. While a case could be made for one of its few rivals, no other automobile boasts the unique style, grandiose dimensions and sterling reputation of the Rolls-Royce Phantom.

Current Rolls-Royce Phantom

Despite the ties to BMW, the Phantom is a true Rolls-Royce. At more than 19 feet long, a regular-wheelbase Phantom surpasses a BMW 7 Series by more than 2 feet in total length, and it can completely swallow a Mini Cooper between its front and rear axles. Producing a vehicle of such size that doesn't also flex and bend over every road imperfection calls for a unique structure. In the Phantom's case, that structure is an aluminum space frame that is both lighter and stiffer than conventional steel.

Although it is less high-tech that many of its competitors, the Rolls-Royce Phantom features an undeniable old-world charm and much-larger-than-life presence. From its majestic hood ornament to its nearly 20-foot expanse, the Phantom commands attention like few other automobiles. And if that isn't sufficient, an extended-wheelbase (EWB) model is available with about 10 additional inches of overall length and rear-seat legroom.

The Phantom is powered by a 67-liter V12 with 453 horsepower and 531 pound-feet of torque. Power is sent to the rear wheels through a six-speed automatic transmission. In spite of its weight of 3 tons, going from zero to 60 mph takes just 5.7 seconds. Behind the 20-inch wheels are superbly powerful brakes, an air suspension and automatically adjustable dampers.

The inside of the Rolls-Royce Phantom is even nicer than might be imagined. Numerous customization options provide ample opportunity to tailor this luxurious environment to one's exact, bespoke specifications.

For those who actually drive their Phantoms, the instrument panel is arranged cleanly, with classic gauges and simple audio and climate controls. More complex functions are managed by an iDrive-like interface with a mouse-style controller hiding inside the center console. The rear seat provides lots of stretching-out room, of course, and the prominent C-pillars conceal the Phantom's VIPs while the rear-hinged coach doors provide them with proper ingress and egress.

Once underway, the large but spindly three-spoke steering wheel feels light in your hands, yet offers good feedback, allowing the big sedan to change direction with ease so long as you're traveling at a relaxed pace. Power from the V12 is prodigious, and the engine makes very little noise even under full throttle. The ride is superb, soaking up huge potholes and minor road imperfections with equal aplomb. There is some wind noise around the A-pillars at speed, but it's minimal and likely evident only because there's practically no other noise to be heard.

Child labour

Child Labour

The Govement of India’s point of view:

The problem of child labour continues to pose a challenge before the nation.  Government has been taking various pro-active measures to tackle this problem. However, considering the magnitude and extent of the problem and that it is essentially a socio-economic problem inextricably linked to poverty and illiteracy, it requires concerted efforts from all sections of the society to make a dent in the problem.

Way back in 1979, Government formed the first committee called Gurupadswamy Committee to study the issue of child labour and to suggest measures to tackle it. The Committee examined the problem in detail and made some far-reaching recommendations. It observed that as long as poverty continued, it would be difficult to totally eliminate child labour and hence, any attempt to abolish it through legal recourse would not be a practical proposition. The Committee felt that in the circumstances, the only alternative left was to ban child labour in hazardous areas and to regulate and ameliorate the conditions of work in other areas. It recommended that a multiple policy approach was required in dealing with the problems of working children.

 

Based on the recommendations of Gurupadaswamy Committee, the Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act was enacted in 1986. The Act prohibits employment of children in certain specified hazardous occupations and processes and regulates the working conditions in others.  The list of hazardous occupations and processes is progressively being expanded on the recommendation of Child Labour Technical Advisory Committee constituted under the Act.

 

In consonance with the above approach, a National Policy on Child Labour was formulated in 1987. The Policy seeks to adopt a gradual & sequential approach with a focus on rehabilitation of children working in hazardous occupations & processes in the first instance.

                The Indian Embassy’s perspective:

There are more children under the age of fourteen in India than the entire population of the United States. The great challenge of India, as a developing country, is to provide nutrition, education and health care to these children.

 

Children under fourteen constitute around 3.6% of the total labor force in India. Of these children, nine out of every ten work in their own rural family settings. Nearly 85% are engaged in traditional agricultural activities. Less than 9% work in manufacturing, services and repairs. Only about 0.8% works in factories.

 

While child labor is a complex problem that is basically rooted in poverty, there is unwavering commitment by the Government and the people of India to combat it. Success can be achieved only through social engineering on a major scale combined with national economic growth. International policies and actions, therefore, must support and not hamper India's efforts to get rid of child labor.

 

India has all along followed a proactive policy with respect to the problem of child labor, and has stood for constitutional, statutory and developmental measures to combat child labor. Six ILO conventions relating to child labor have been ratified,, three of these as early as the first quarter of this century.

 

The first Act in India relating to child labor was the Enactment of Children (Pledging of Labor) Act of February 1933. Since then there have been nine different Indian legislations relating to child labor. The strategy of progressive elimination of child labor underscores India's legislative intent, and takes cognizance of the fact that child labor is not an isolated phenomenon that can be tackled without simultaneously taking into account the socio-economic milieu that is at the root of the problem.

 

The Government of India is determined to eradicate child labor in the country. The world's largest child labor elimination program is being implemented at the grass roots level in India, with primary education targeted for nearly 250 million. In this a large number of non-governmental and voluntary organizations are involved. Special investigation cells have been set up in States to enforce existing laws banning employment of children in hazardous industries. The allocation of the Government of India for the elimination of child labor was $10 million in 1995-96 and $16 million in 1996-97. The allocation for the current year is $21 million.

 

The International Program on Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC) has the world's largest international initiative on child labor in India. The total outlay under this program between 1992 and 1996 has been $4.15 million.

My perspective:

                 I think that the main cause of child labour is because of the country and their family. I think that the family is most important as many people live in poverty and have little or no money, they can barely keep themselves full so where is money for education? Many people did not go to school so they dont have a degree. Without a degree, not many people would like to hire them. For example, if there was much competition for a job, the company would definately choose someone with a degree or has some kind of expertise. They would not want to take time and teach a person that has no degree as they do not want to waste time. People with no degree would have a very hard time finding a job.  I think that the few jobs this people could do is opening a shop, fishing, cleaning services or farming. This jobs dont earn much and they might still have a hard time filling their stomach. Furthermore, some parents dont work. They depend on their children for money like Village By The Sea. Normally our parents give us money but it may be the opposite for them. Some parents have bad habits like drinking or smoking, and they will spend alot of money, even if it is no necessary.

                I think that the country plays a part too, if the country has many jobs, education could be free, then child labour would be decreasing.

                Also, i think that the number of people would affect child labour. Many parents give birth to alot of children and have not enough money to pay for their education. Many poeple fight for the same job, lets say there is 1 place for a job, in a country with lesser population, manybe only 4 people are fighting for the job. But with a country of huge  population like India, there may be 10 people fighting for the job.  1 gets the job, the other 9 have to think of another way to get a job.

                Linking this to Village By The Sea:

               Hari and Lila had to work because their parents could not would as their father is a drunkard and their mother is sick. Hari and Lila stopped school because they did not have money and could not even keep their own stomach’s full. Their father however was going around lending money to drink. Stopping education made them not have a degree so in the future they would have a little trouble finding good jobs. As the story has said, the factory is going to hire people, but they will probably hire someone with a degree. The only job Lila could do was help clean the house and cook for people. Their parents have also gave birth to 4 children, alot in these days. I think that if they only had 2 children, they would not have so much burden on them and they will be less poor.

At times compared to a Lexus, from the outside the Toyota Avalon might be a average looking four-door, but on the inside is roomy and luxurious, safe, ride comfort and value you would not  be able to find elsewhere. The Avalon emerged as one of the 10 best cars sold in North American in terms of problem-free operation in a recent J.D. Power and Associates Initial Quality Study. It is based on the Toyota Camry Platform, the Toyota Avalon is a full-size car that was produced by Toyota in the U.S. and Australia. The Avalon was produced as a front wheel drive four-door sedan.

When the Toyotta Cressida was deleted from the American car market in 1992 and the Toyota Avalon was designed to fill the gap left by that vehicle. The all new Avalon was a full size, rear wheel drive car and had Toyota's 1MZ-FE V6 engine, compared to the Cressida's 7M-GE I6 engine.

1994, the first Avalon came off the assembly line in Georgetown, Kentucky as a 1995 model. In 1999, a second-generation model was released in the U.S. and Japan. Built in the same plant as the Camry, the 1995 Avalon was a completely new model that was placed higher than the Camry, making it Toyota's flagship.

Larger in almost every aspect, the second generation Avalon was introduced in 2004. Based on a stretched Camry platform, the Avalon featured a 3.0 L V6 engine that produced 192 hp and 210 ft – lb of torque. Minor updates to the front and rear fascias were done in 1998, along with the power rating being upped to 200 hp and increase of torque to 214 lb – ft. Basically the same size as the Camry, the second generation Avalon was US made and was exported to Japan's domestic market where it was sold as the Toyota Pronard.  

  A complete redesign from older nodels, the '05 Avalon is Toyota's largest, most luxurious, and most costly model sold under its own nameplate. Inside the Avalon was a 3.5 L 280 hp V6 engine along with a host of advanced technological features. Produced to compete with the Chevy Impala, the Buick LaCrosse, Nissan Maxima and the Ford Five Hundred, the new Avalon was unveiled at the 2005 North American International Auto Show. Featuring much more distinctive styling than previous generations, the third generation Avalon did have power dropped to 268 hp due to new SAE specifications along with torque dropping to 248 ft-lb. For 2005 stability control was expanded to the XL and Touring models and a keyless remote start became standard for Limited models.

The Toyota FT-86 Concept.

Inspired by the Corolla-based AE86 sports coupe of the '80s, the FT-86 concept was designed by the automaker's ED2 styling studio in France and bears a remarkable resemblance to the FT-HS concept shown at the Detroit Auto Show few years back. 

 Toyota hasn't divulged much about the FT-86 yet because it is still a concept, but we know it's powered by a Subaru 2.0-liter boxer four sending power to the rear wheels. In other cases, it is a RWD car or a rear wheel driven car. Toyota focused on keeping the weight down to improve handling and the platform is unique. The engine sits lower in the engine bay to make the car more aerodynamics while keeping the center of gravity low and the overall dimensions of Toyota's new 2+2 are 163.78 inches long and 69.29 inches wide, with a wheelbase of 101.18 inches.

After the FT-86 bows in concept form at the Tokyo Motor Show next month, the production model will be shown sometime next year with sales beginning sometime in 2011 and will cost about $20,000.

I feel that the test is very useful, determining my learning style can help me alot, i wish that all homework out be divided into one's learning style. For me i prefer Kinesthetic and Intrapersonal. If i were to do Naturalistic task, i could have spend alot more time to do a piece of homework. If lessons were to also be divided up like this, it would be alot easier. I prefer watching things to listening, for example i learn basketball moves fast while watching someone do it and analyzing it rather than just being told how to do it. When i think of things, a picture would come. I also think that the test might not be as detailed as others, although it is more detailed than other test i have done in primary school, i would rather do something that is even more detailed as for some of the questions, there isnt a choice for me and some of the questions seems inaccurate and has not much like to my learning style

I feel that the test is very useful, determining my learning style can help me alot, i wish that all homework out be divided into one's learning style. For me i prefer Kinesthetic and Intrapersonal. If i were to do Naturalistic task, i could have spend alot more time to do a piece of homework. If lessons were to also be divided up like this, it would be alot easier. I prefer watching things to listening, for example i learn basketball moves fast while watching someone do it and analyzing it rather than just being told how to do it. When i think of things, a picture would come. I also think that the test might not be as detailed as others, although it is more detailed than other test i have done in primary school, i would rather do something that is even more detailed as for some of the questions, there isnt a choice for me and some of the questions seems inaccurate and has not much like to my learning style

Journal According to The Investigators

Point of view of The Investigators:
There is nothing out of the ordinary in this house, our fellow officer Patrick died in the house, his wife seems awfully depressed.
From the looks of it, i think that Patirck has die due to a hit to his head. I think that the murder weapon is somewhat the size of a sewage pipe, probably very strong aswell.
(After looking around in the house for the weapon and evidence)
No murder weapon found so far, it seems that Mrs Maloney is cooking a lamb leg. Seems like the leg has been there for quite a long time. According to our experienced investigator, Patrick has been dead for 5 hours.
Unusual. No blood stains have been found, how can this be? it seems that internal bleeding caused his death, this shatters my hypothesis that the murder weapon was a sewage pipe. now it seems to be something softer but still quite stiff.
(After some time)
Mrs Maloney offered us the lamb leg she cooked. Said no but we cannot resist it, im extremely tired. So all officers decided to eat the lamb leg. Strange, Mrs Maloney giggled. How can she giggle when she is so sad.
(After eating)
Questioning Mary. She said that she was at the grocers, then went home to find Patrick lying on the floor. (its later now, probably the grocer has gone home, i will find him tomorrow)
Mary asked me if i could take the garbage out, i agreed. Looking into the garbage can, i can see the lamb leg. Wait! there is a fracture on the shin of the lamb leg. form what i know, lamb leg can withstand alot of weight. If it fractures it means that the was a huge impact. Patrick died from a hit, the lamb shin bomb is hard yet the meat is soft! Mary is a prime suspect!
(The next day)
I went to the grocers, he showed me the receipt, time was almost half hour after Patrick's death! Mary must be the murderer! Now i have to convince the others.

the cross country run was amazing, first of all there was the distance. i never thought that i could run such a distance to say the least. then our class did fairly well in the race, being second in the secondary 1 cohort.
During the run, i started out at the back of the group. at the slope up the clocktower, the mass runners were already overtaking some of us, so that was the force behind me that spurred me on. when i reached the downhill slope, i was a gap in between the runners so i squeezed myself in it and ran full speed down the slope. at that point i had already overtaken 5 runners. the way up IS was 'treacherous' and by the top of the circle, i was ready to collapse. then one of the runners came to my needs! he offered me some water and i drank it in in one gulp, poured the rest on myself to cool myself down.
When it was downhill again, i ran like a bull out of control, i passed about 10 people or so. At bukit timah road, many runners were already worn out but i was not. i continued running, overtaking about 20 runners, truely amazing.
the last part was a sprint and i hold my breathe but eventually lose to my friend Andrew, who was a good runner.
Knowing that i got in the top 15, i could not hold myself anymore, i was very proud of my achievement.
That day was one of the most amazing days i ever had

What do you thing?

B.B. is a boy or a girl?

To me i think that BB would likely be a girl. Her friends mentioned in the passage are mostly girls. Furthermore, she is quite emotional. She did not sleep for the night after hearing the message that her father had left for her. She kept thinking about it. When she asked Seth about why his family divorced, he seemed rather angry, which a guy should normally act.

Also i think that BB is a girl because when little Timmy died, BB's mother wanted another children. I think that her mother wanted a healthy son so that they can pass down their family name. Much like the Chinese tradition. BB's father was not pleased to have another child as he didn't want to go through the hell of another sick child. It had a huge impact on him so it might have changed his point of view.

Comparing this to the taximen story in Little Ironies, one major difference is that the writer of BB

did not identify the identity of BB while Catherine Lim wrote that the writer was a male as

he had to make money for his wife and children.

Both writer wrote that the main character of the story, in this case it is BB and the taximen's

daughter, have improper friends around them. BB had friends that smoked.The daughter had

bad friends that got her into being bad.

This is all that i can conclude about the two stories